By exploreodisha.in 
Introduction
Utkal Divas, also known as Odisha Day, is observed every year on April 1st to commemorate the formation of the state of Odisha. This historic day marks the moment when Odisha was separated from the Bihar and Orissa Province in 1936 to become an independent province under British India. The day is celebrated with immense pride and enthusiasm across the state, reflecting the rich cultural heritage and struggles of the people who fought for Odisha’s recognition as a separate state.
Historical Background
Before 1936, Odisha did not exist as an independent administrative region. The Odia-speaking population was scattered across different provinces ruled by the British, including Bengal, Bihar, and the Central Provinces. This division led to significant challenges for the people of Odisha, including cultural suppression, administrative difficulties, and neglect of their unique language and identity.
The demand for a separate province for Odia-speaking people began in the late 19th century. Prominent leaders, intellectuals, and social reformers played a crucial role in uniting the Odia people and advocating for a distinct identity.
Key Figures in the Odisha Movement
Several eminent personalities contributed to the formation of Odisha as a separate province:
- Madhusudan Das – Known as “Utkal Gourav” (Pride of Odisha), he was one of the key leaders advocating for Odisha’s formation and a strong voice for Odia identity.
- Gopabandhu Das – A social reformer and freedom fighter who worked towards the upliftment of Odia society and fought for linguistic and cultural identity.
- Krushna Chandra Gajapati – The king of Paralakhemundi, who actively supported the movement and was instrumental in the administrative formation of Odisha.
The Formation of Odisha (April 1, 1936)
After years of struggle, the demand for a separate province was finally acknowledged by the British Government. On April 1, 1936, Odisha was officially recognized as a separate state based on linguistic identity, with Cuttack as its capital (later shifted to Bhubaneswar in 1948). Sir John Austin Hubback became the first Governor of Odisha.
This event was significant as Odisha became the first Indian state to be formed on the basis of language, setting a precedent for future linguistic reorganization in India.
Celebrations of Utkal Divas
Utkal Divas is a day of pride and joy for the people of Odisha. It is celebrated with:
- Cultural Programs: Dance, music, and poetry performances showcasing Odisha’s rich heritage.
- Parades and Events: Various government and private organizations conduct parades and competitions.
- Tribute to Freedom Fighters: People pay homage to the leaders who played a key role in the state’s formation.
- Public Speeches and Awareness Campaigns: Schools and colleges organize discussions on Odisha’s history and achievements.
- Fireworks and Festivities: Grand celebrations take place in cities like Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, and Puri.
Significance of Utkal Divas
Utkal Divas is more than just a celebration; it is a reminder of the struggles and sacrifices made for the recognition of Odisha’s unique identity. The day reinforces the spirit of unity, pride, and progress among Odia’s worldwide. It is a time to reflect on the state’s growth, cultural richness, and the values of perseverance and resilience that define Odisha.
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